Vul. Levytskoho, 23 – residential building
Built in 1888 by Władysław Godowski as a private villa, the building is associated with the Mennonite religious community, who owned it in 1911-1939. Architecturally, it is an example of the early introduction of Secessionist motives into Lviv's architecture.
Architecture
The three-storied house with cellars is a brick and plaster building. Its spatial structure is formed of two blocks of equal height, covered with a gable tin roof: a staircase, shifted by one window axis, is adjacent to a large rectangular block from the east. The building has three façades: a representative south one, a modest side east one and an ascetic rear one.
In the main façade design, two construction periods can be clearly seem, i.e. the original two-storied townhouse (1888) in historicist style with neobaroque and early secession decorative elements. The wall has banded rustication. The third floor (1925) is notable for its ascetic smooth walls and decorated only with window trimmings. The façade haseight segmental windows; the central four-axis part is accentuated by a wall, while the lateral parts have two axes each; the recessed extreme entrance part has one axis with rectangular windows. The front façade is crowned with a cornice, the lateral and rear façades are topped by wooden carved overhangs, brackets of the gable roof. The basement and ground floor are accentuated by cornices. The basement is made of crude white stone blocks, basement vents have segmental lintels and stylish metal doors. Windows were generously decorated with cast elements: classic (rosettes, egg-and-dart belts), consoles under windows, décor on window segmental lintels with floral motifs and acanthus leaves, which had not yet acquired the stylized character of a somewhat later Secession style.
The main entrance is located on the extreme right axis and arranged via open stone steps with a stone parapet. The stylishly designed woodwork double door has a light. Above the second floor baroquizing window, decorated with profiled trimming having "ears", there is a cartouche with the date "1888" and a heraldic sign in the form of the letter "R".
The east façade has a gable and three window axes; it is plastered, the ground floor is emphasized with banded rustication. The windows are rectangular, with profiled trimmings on the ground and second floors. On the third floor (extreme east axis), there is a balcony with simple lattices. The north, rear façade has seven axes (five window axes of the main block and two window axes of the staircase); it is plastered and has two balconies, a wide one on the second floor (on two window axes) to the left, and a small semicircular one on the third floor, on the extreme right axis. The balconies are fenced with new metal lattices. On the ground floor, where a wooden porch used to be (on the two middle axes), there is a new stone porch now.
The townhouse features an enfilade layout; the reinforced concrete staircase has three flights with stylish forged lattices, the stair landings are made of artificial stone, the corridors are covered with cement tiles. The doors’ woodwork have been partly preserved. Tiled stoves have also been preserved in the apartments.
The townhouse represents the beginnings of the Secession in Lviv in the late 19th c.
Personalities
Józef
Swoboda (czech. Josef
Svoboda) — well-known artist, Czech by birth, author of numerous historical
scenes, lithographed portraits of people and structures; in the 19th
c. he owned the larger plot with conscription number 616 4/4 (orientation
number 7-7a, now the territory of buildings number 21-21a, 23).
Bronisław
Mrażek — plot co-owner in the second half of the 19th
c.
Marya
Halper, née Kaniewska — plot co-owner in the second half of the 19th
c.
Marya Wiksel,
née Goldhaber — plot co-owner in the second half of the 19th
c.
Zofia
Reiss, née Wisl — Dr. Albert Reiss’s wife, plot co-owner in
the second half of the 19th c.
Albert
Reiss — doctor, plot co-owner in the second half of the
19th c.
Józef and
Stefania Maciulski — plot co-owners, who entered into a sale
contract with Godowski.
Władysław
Godowski (1842-1910) — plot owner, architect and
builder, who built his own two-storied villa on the plot.
Karol,
Helena, Jakób-Jan Gruby —plot and townhouse owners.
Michał Kowalczuk —
architect and builder, who designed the new wicket and moving of the entrance
gate.
Władysław
Niemeksza — installation engineer.
Karol
d'Abancourt — doctor, High Provincial Court senior
advisor, who rented an apartment in the building in 1909-1910.
Zofia
d'Abancourt — teacher at a public city school, who
rented an apartment in the building in 1909-1910.
Roman
Ciszewski — teacher, who rented an apartment in the
building in 1909-1910.
Jan
Czyżowski — Viceregency advisor, who rented an
apartment in the building in 1909-1910.
Aleksander
Müller — financial institution employee, who rented an
apartment in the building in 1913.
Jan Müller — plot
owner.
Henryk
Pauls — Mennonite pastor.
Tonia
Mildwurm — building owner.
Sources
1. State Archive of Lviv Oblast (DALO) 2/1/5319
2. DALO 2/1/5317
3. DALO 2/1/5315
4. Archiwum Glówny Aktów Dawnych (AGAD)
Księgi metrykalne i akta parafii i gmin różnych wyznań i obrządków (Ormianie,
Autokefaliczna Cerkiew Prawosławna, Baptyści, Mennonici, Ewangeliczni
Chrześcijanie) z terenów tzw. Zabużańskich, Inwentarz zespołu PL, 1456.
5. 1849 cadastral
map of Lviv.
6. 1777 map of Lviv.
7. 1829 map of
Lviv.
8. 1910 map of
Lviv.
9. 1936 map of Lviv.
10. Księga Adresowa król. stoł. miasta Lwowa, 1900.
11. Юрій Бірюльов, "Ґодовський Владислав", Енциклопедія Львова,
Т. 1 (Львів: Літопис,
2007), 627-628.
12. Оксана Бойко, Василь Слободян,
"З історії латинських монастирів Львова. Монастир сестер
сакраменток", Вісник Інституту Укрзахідпроектреставрація, ч. 16, с. 59-64.
13. Борис Мельник, Довідник перейменувань вулиць і площ Львова, (Львів: Світ, 2001).
14. Stefan Słomkiewicz, Zygmunt Soczek, Polski Słownik Biograficzny, t. 39, (Warszawa –
Kraków: Instytut
Historii PAN, 1999-2000).