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Pl. Koliyivshchyny, 1 – residential building

ID: 2379

The four-storied corner residential townhouse (conscription number 259) on the Koliyivshchyny square and Staroyevreyska street was built in the late 18th century on the foundations and cellars of two Renaissance townhouses, Korkesivska and that of Itsko Brotsky. It retains features of the nutzbau style and Art Nouveau stylistic elements from the time of a reconstruction in 1912. The building is listed in the Register of monuments of local significance under protection number 940. Since 2010 it has been a private property of Olena Bilichenko; a coffee house called Medelin is arranged on the ground floor.

History

17th century – two townhouses were erected, Korkesivska and that of Itsko Brotsky.
Late 18th century – a four-storied townhouse was constructed on the foundations and cellars of the previous two buildings, Korkesivska and that of Itsko Brotsky.
19th century – the ceilings were covered with ornamental distemper paintings.
1912 – a reconstruction of the building: the façades were modernized, the staircase was reconstructed, Secession-style tile stoves were arranged.
1927 – repair works were carried out.
2010-2012 – restoration works with the restoration of the 19th and 20th centuries authentic elements; the coffee house Medelin was arranged.

The house is located at the corner of the Koliyivshchyny square and Staroyevreyska street. The square was formed in the early Austrian period after Nowa (now Brativ Rohatyntsiv) street was laid in the place of the southern part of the dismantled city fortifications in 1775. The square between Staroyevreyska (earlier Żydowska, Wekslarska) and Brativ Rohatyntsiv (earlier Nowa) street was formed in the place of the Halezowska townhouse and a vacant parcel belonging to Kopl Tewlewicz, located near the old Żydowska  (Jewish) Tower. Originally the square was called Żydowska too; in 1871, after the conscription numbering system was replaced with the street system, it was renamed Wekslarska. In 1944 the new Soviet authorities renamed it Koliyivshchyny, obviously, with a political purpose in view. Till the early 20th century there was a well on the square, which provided water for the whole Jewish quarter.

The corner townhouse was erected in the late 18th century in the so-called nutzbau style. It was built on stone foundations and cellars of the two previous Renaissance townhouses, Korkesivska and that of Itsko Brotsky, coming from the 17th century (mentioned in the 1767 tax register). The new four-storied building was the highest among the Jewish quarter houses. At the level of cellars it preserves the two-part and two-tract spatial structure typical of medieval Lviv. During its existence the owners changed and so did the townhouse appearance as a result of reconstructions performed. In particular, in 1889 the high shingle roof was replaced with a lower tin one under a project designed by Alfred Kamienobrodzki. In 1871 the house was owned by Samuel Neuwelt and co-owners. In 1902 Lifsche Grebel, the owner, Isak Grebel, a factor, Leon Schorr, an accountant, lived there.

Before the First World War, when Lviv was built up with Art Nouveau buildings, the then owner of the townhouse, Isak Grebel decided to modernize it and, in particular, its façades, which were in poor condition. In 1911 architect Jakób Scheller examined the house, pointing out a good condition of the foundations and noted that the cellars were built partially on "walls and partially on arches" and that the façades required being restored. The plan of the façades and staircase reconstruction was approved by the Magistrate on 12 August 1912. The works were completed by the end of that same year. After the repair and restoration works the architectural design of the façades acquired an Art Nouveau appearance: there were plant stucco and ceramic inserts under the windows, decorative pediments, a heraldic shield and a cartouche with the date of reconstruction "1912"; new Secession-style tile stoves were arranged in the rooms. In 1916 the building was owned by Mina Grebel and co-owners. In the 1920s it became the property of Herman Stein. Some repairs were carried out in the townhouse in 1927. In the Soviet period the house became municipal property with living quarters. According to the Lviv Region Executive Committee’s resolution number 393 dated 22 November 1988, the building was entered on the List of monuments of local significance under protection number 940. From 2010 the building is a private property of Olena Bilichenko. In 2010-2012 restoration works with the restoration of the 19th and 20th centuries authentic elements were carried out. A coffee house called Medelin was arranged on the ground floor.

Architecture

The corner townhouse's north façade overlooks Staroyevreyska street, its west façade faces the Koliyivshchyny square. The four-storied house is rectangular in plan; it is built of bricks on stone foundations, plastered, and covered with a high tin roof. In the cellars and on the ground floor the brickwork of two previous townhouses has been preserved. The building's monumental block dominates over the surrounding three-storied buildings. The three-axis north façade and the five-axis west façade are accentuated by gables with narrow roof windows. The ground floor of the both façades is emphasized by banded rustication. A characteristic feature of the main west façade composition design is the central plane with decorative elements and the reconstruction date, an ornamental frieze between the upper floor windows, a heraldic shield, ceramic tiles below the windows, which clearly stand out against the lapidary background. The entrance to the townhouse is located on a window axis shifted to the north. The west façade plasticity is notable for its vertical segmentation. The window openings in rectangular trimmings have pediments in the shape of cartouches on the third floor and with Neo-Classicist garlands on the second floor. The façades are topped with an overhanging cornice.

The building's layout has a sectional structure; apartments are located around a narrow staircase illuminated by a skylight. The flat ceilings are supported by wooden beams, which were covered with ornamental paintings in the 19th century (some fragments have survived). Secession-style tile stoves have been preserved in the rooms.

The architectural design of the townhouse combines 18th century structural elements with stylistic elements of the Historicism and Art Nouveau.

Personalities

Alfred Kamienobrodzki – an architect. According to his designs, a tall shingle roof of the building was replaced with a lower tin one in 1889.
Antoni Piller – an owner of a lithografic enterprise in Lviv
Hermann Stein – an owner of the building from the 1920s
Іzaak Grеbel – an owner of the building who commissioned its reconstruction in 1912
Itsko Brotski – an owner of the older building, where a part of present one was constructed later in 18th c. 
Korkes – an owner of the older building, where a part of present one was constructed later in 18th c. 
Leon Sсhorr – an accountant
Lifsze Grebel – an owner of the building in 1902
Mina Grebel – a co-owner of the building in 1916
Olena Bilichenko – an owner of the building from 2010, who commissioned a reconstruction of the building and its authentic elements from 19th and 20th centuries
Samuel Neuwelt – an owner of the building in 1871
Jakób Scheller – architect who examined the house in 1911–1912

Sources

  1. Державний архів Львівської області (ДАЛО) 2/2/3840.
  2. Центральний державний історичний архів України у Львові (ЦДІАЛ) 186/8/629.
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  5. Księga adresowa Król. stol. miasta Lwowa (Lwów, 1902).
  6. Skorowidz miasta Lwowa (Lwów, 1916).
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  8. Капраль М., Національні громади Львова ХVІ–ХVІІІ ст. (Львів, 2003).
  9. Львів. Туристичний путівник (Львів: Центр Європи, 2007).
  10. Меламед В., Евреи во Львове (ХІІІ – первая пол. ХХ века): События. Общество. Люди (Львов, 1994).
  11. Мельник Б., Довідник перейменувань вулиць і площ Львова. ХІІІ–ХХ століття (Львів: Світ, 2001), 28.
  12. Мельник Б., Шестакова Н., "Кам’яниці Львівського середмістя", Наукові записки. Львівський історичний музей, 2008, Випуск XII.
  13. Могитич Р., "Ліктьовий податок", Вісник ін-ту Укрзахідпроектреставрація, 2009, Ч. 19.


By Oksana Boyko